Orthopaedic Nurses Certification Board (ONCB) Metabolic/Inflammatory/Tumors Practice Exam

What is a common risk factor for developing rheumatoid arthritis?

1. Age under 30

2. Smoking

3. High calcium diet

4. Low physical activity

The correct answer is: Smoking

Smoking is identified as a significant risk factor for developing rheumatoid arthritis. Research has demonstrated that smoking increases the likelihood of this autoimmune condition, with studies indicating that individuals who smoke are at a greater risk of both developing the disease and experiencing more severe symptoms if it does occur. Smoking is believed to influence the immune system and may trigger the inflammatory processes characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis. In contrast, the other options do not typically correlate with an increased risk for this disease. Age under 30 is generally not associated with rheumatoid arthritis, which most commonly develops in middle adulthood. A high calcium diet does not have a known link to rheumatoid arthritis risk, and while low physical activity can contribute to various health issues, it is not specifically recognized as a risk factor for this condition. Thus, smoking stands out as a clear and well-documented risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis.