Orthopaedic Nurses Certification Board (ONCB) Metabolic/Inflammatory/Tumors Practice Exam

What therapeutic measure can help reduce the risk of falls in the elderly?

1. Increasing caffeine consumption

2. Taking calcium supplements

3. Engaging in balance exercises

4. Maintaining sedentary lifestyle

The correct answer is: Engaging in balance exercises

Engaging in balance exercises is a highly effective therapeutic measure for reducing the risk of falls in the elderly. These exercises are specifically designed to improve stability, coordination, and strength, which are all critical factors for safe mobility. Regular practice of balance exercises can enhance postural control and help the elderly develop a better awareness of their body's positioning in space, ultimately leading to a decrease in fall incidence. Additionally, balance exercises can strengthen the lower body muscles, which play a significant role in preventing falls. As individuals grow older, loss of muscle strength and balance can greatly increase the likelihood of falls and injuries. Therefore, incorporating balance exercises into an elderly person's routine is a proactive approach to maintaining their independence and reducing fall risk. Caffeine consumption and calcium supplementation, while they may have other health benefits, do not directly address balance and coordination issues. A sedentary lifestyle is counterproductive, as it can lead to muscle weakness and reduced physical capacity, increasing the chance of falls. In contrast, an active lifestyle that includes balance training promotes better overall physical health and safety in this population.